ÜDS 2006 Mart Sorular

FEN BİLİMLERİ

1. – 18. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

1. In the life sciences, biologists need to be more
aware of the ---- between science and technology.
A) approach B) departure C) complexity
D) extremity E) gap

2. The theory is interesting enough, but is it ----?
A) solvable B) expressive C) intensive
D) coherent E) resistant

3. However incredible we may now find it, engineers
did not ---- welcome the idea of a general purpose
microchip.
A) instantly B) urgently C) crudely
D) scarcely E) reliably

4. His efforts to ---- the threat of global warming
with new forms of energy have been much
appreciated.
A) excuse B) counter C) pursue
D) uphold E) deliver

5. The amount of fish caught did not ---- the
massive increase in vessel tonnage and fishing
effort.
A) pull through B) make do with
C) keep pace with D) come across
E) break out of

6. Home heating, which ---- less than 7 per cent of
all energy consumed in the US, has had a
commendable efficiency record.
A) accounts for B) comes with C) joins in
D) picks up E) brings out

7. For a long time now, biologists ---- that bits of
tissue placed next to each other ----.
A) had known / may fuse
B) have known / can fuse
C) knew / had fused
D) would have known / have fused
E) know / would have fused

8. It ---- that Brazil’s new surveillance system ---- a
useful tool in the protection of the rain forests.
A) may be hoped / would have proved
B) was hoped / had proved
C) has been hoped / would prove
D) could be hoped / might have proved
E) is hoped / will prove

9. Many engineers ---- the thrill of designing a novel
product that then ---- mass production.
A) are having / is entering
B) had had / had entered
C) would have / has entered
D) have had / enters
E) were having / have entered

10. Over the past eight years, the TES instrument ----
that Martian rocks and sands ---- almost entirely
of volcanic minerals.
A) would discover / had been composed
B) has discovered / are composed
C) would discover / were composed
D) had discovered / had been composed
E) was discovering / would be composed

11. In order ---- a good sheep-shearing robot I had to
understand sheep shearers and the skill of
shearing, as well as the technology ---- in
building a robot.
A) having built / to have been involved
B) building / to be involved
C) to build / involved
D) to be building / involving
E) to have built / having been involved

12. It is estimated that sulphur pollution costs China
nearly 45 billion dollars each year ---- lost
productivity, health care and damage ---- forests
and crops.
A) from / at B) in / to
C) under / of D) over / through
E) by / for

13. One of the great advances ---- astronomy ---- the
past decade has been the discovery of planets
outside our solar system.
A) of / over B) through /at C) in / to
D) for / by E) with / for

14. He realized that the world could run out of key
resources, ---- he was a harsh critic of the
wastefulness of modern industrial society.
A) so that B) whether C) so long as
D) and so E) but

15. ---- the car is equipped with a sophisticated
protection system, you know you are fully
protected.
A) Until B) Even if C) Although
D) So E) Since

16. Certain reactions, ---- catalytic methanation,
appear to stop before they are complete.
A) instead of B) such as C) in place of
D) in case of E) with reference to

17. Engineering structures must conform ---- to their
type ---- to the laws of physics.
A) not only / but also B) as / as
C) more / but D) both / as
E) either / and

18. The harder a material is, ---- ductile or workable it
tends to be.
A) the most B) as much C) the less
D) more E) so much

19. – 23. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış
yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da
ifadeyi bulunuz.

Natural disturbances, including hurricanes and
earthquakes, have affected coral reefs for millions of
years. They are typically acute but have short-lived
(19) ----. Reef areas (20) ---- human influences often
recover within a few years (21) ---- water and
substratum quality remain high. Indeed, acute natural
disturbances can actually help (22) ---- diversity on
coral reefs by knocking back dominant species and
allowing (23) ---- competitive species to re-establish
themselves.

19.
A) products B) conditions C) concerns
D) effects E) explanations

20.
A) down to B) up to C) up against
D) out of E) away from

21.
A) so that B) unless C) though
D) if E) whether

22.
A) to have maintained B) maintaining
C) having maintained D) to be maintained
E) to maintain

23.
A) much B) little C) as
D) less E) least

24. – 35. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

24. Battlefield radios may become obsolete ----.
A) if software programmable units take over
B) until they are all built to a common standard
C) when local police and fire departments would
also benefit
D) since other versions had become tailored to their
needs
E) while security features are also innovative

25. In biology, isolating particular enzymes is a
tedious process of trial and error ----.
A) though silicon is not the best choice of material
B) if several hundred steps were involved
C) which involves many different experiments
D) until other problems could be eliminated
E) as lab experiments may prove unnecessary

26. Just try shooting at bullet-proof glass ----.
A) but you can stand a few meters away
B) if you want to be quite sure that it really is bullet
proof
C) while the glass remained unharmed
D) why some gangs have started to fire anti-tank
missiles at armoured cars
E) that it withstood every attack

Cevap: ÜDS 2006 Mart Sorular

27. The vast oil output of the Caspian must be piped
overland to, say, the Mediterranean, ----.
A) that it is not a landlocked sea
B) if a pipeline is laid across Iran
C) before it can be pumped into tankers
D) which would also pass through Georgia
E) as a great deal of diplomacy would be required

28. Their latest digital radio is supplied with a pair of
active speakers ----.
A) if the number keys have been moved to the
sides
B) that an FM radio is fitted into its compact
dimensions
C) though the screen itself seemed to be touchsensitive
D) so you don’t have to plug it into an amplifier
E) how the graphic display shows the programme
you are listening to

29. The engineers ---- took their know-how to Japan
and China in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
A) that it would be the world’s largest dam
B) who continue to travel around the world
transferring technology
C) who had built railroads and dams across
America
D) as engineering problems can attract worldwide
interest
E) though the spread of technology is not likely to
be halted

30. Although global warming was outside the
parameters of their study, ----.
A) countries with high gasoline prices are more
innovative in the field of personal transportation
vehicles
B) battery-powered electric vehicles would not have
been disregarded
C) fossil fuel consumption habits will have to be
curtailed
D) for the present the focus is on the efficient use of
fossil fuels
E) it is nevertheless a fact that should have been
faced

31. ---- as they are today.
A) Satellites are providing clear photographs
B) The fluctuating magnetic field lies deep in the
centre of Earth
C) Several other bodies in the solar system
generate their own magnetic fields
D) Earth’s magnetic poles have not always been
oriented
E) Many intriguing explanations are being put
forward

32. Since mines may have been laid there, ----.
A) these fields had not been cultivated
B) large areas of valuable farmland are being
overgrown by bamboo
C) immense bamboo thickets would have come into
being
D) the costs of restoring farmland to full production
have always been high
E) faster techniques were called for

33. ---- that solar flares triggered geomagnetic
storms.
A) Scientists used to think
B) The findings were ambiguous
C) The astronauts were taken by surprise
D) The facts have to be suppressed
E) The results of the experiment surprised
everyone

34. ----, though none are yet being grown on a
commercial scale.
A) Conifers are dominant trees in northern latitudes
B) Trees produce copious pollen, which travels up
to 16 kilometres
C) Genetically modified trees have not been planted
in natural woods and forests
D) Plants demonstrate a remarkable diversity in
size, habit and form
E) Genetically modified trees are being developed
for a variety of uses

35. Because each leaf is characteristic of the plant
on which it grows, ----.
A) most leaves are composed of three parts: a
blade, a petiole and a pair of stipules
B) water loss by evaporation from the leaf’s surface
is unavoidable
C) many plants can be identified by their leaves
alone
D) all parts of a plant can be damaged by air
pollution, but leaves are particularly susceptible
E) many leaves have special structures through
which water is literally forced out

36. – 38. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz.

36. The findings of a ten-year study reveal that two
species of seahorses have been living in the
waters around Britain without anyone realizing
they were there.
A) İngiltere’nin çevresindeki sularda daha önce
onların orada yaşadığını kimsenin bilmediği iki
tür denizatının olduğu on yıllık bir çalışmayla
ortaya çıktı.
B) On yıllık bir çalışmanın bulguları İngiltere’nin
çevresindeki sularda onların orada olduğunu hiç
kimsenin farketmediği iki tür denizatının yaşamakta
olduğunu gösteriyor.
C) İngiltere’nin çevresindeki sularda iki tür denizatının
yaşadığını ilk kez ortaya çıkaran on yıllık çalışma
bu türlerin hiç farkedilmediğini belirtiyor.
D) On yıllık çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre İngiltere’nin
çevresindeki sularda hiç kimsenin bilmediği
iki tür denizatının yaşamakta olduğu bildiriliyor.
E) İki tür denizatı hiç kimseye belli etmeden İngiltere’nin
çevresindeki sularda yaşarken on yıllık bir
çalışma onları ortaya çıkardı.

37. Though stars appear to the eye as single points
of light, very many of them turn out to be double
when seen through a telescope.
A) Teleskopla bakıldığında çift ışık olan yıldızların
çoğu göze tek ışık noktası gibi görünür.
B) Çıplak gözle bakıldığında yıldızlar tek ışık noktası
gibi görünür, çoğuna sadece teleskopla bakıldığında
çift olduğu anlaşılabilir.
C) Göze tek ışık noktası gibi görünen yıldızlara teleskopla
bakıldığında çoğunun çift olduğu gözlenir.
D) Yıldızlar çıplak gözle bakıldığında tek ışık noktası
gibi algılansa da teleskopla bakıldığında aslında
çift olduğu görülür.
E) Her ne kadar yıldızlar göze tek ışık noktası gibi
görünse de pek çoğunun teleskopla bakıldığında
çift olduğu ortaya çıkar.

38. Entropy is a physical property like temperature
and pressure, and measures how close a system
has come to reaching stagnant “equilibrium”.
A) Sıcaklık ve basınç gibi fiziksel bir özellik olan
entropi bir sistemin durgun “denge”ye ulaşıp
ulaşmadığını ölçer.
B) Entropi sıcaklık ve basınç gibi fiziksel bir özelliktir
ve bir sistemin durgun “denge”ye ne kadar
ulaştığını ölçer.
C) Bir sistemin durgun “denge”ye ulaşıp ulaşmadığı
sıcaklık ve basınç gibi fiziksel bir özellik olan entropi
ile ölçülür.
D) Entropi hem sıcaklık ve basınç gibi fiziksel özellikler
arasındadır hem de bir sistemin durgun
“denge”ye ne kadar ulaştığını belirlemede yardımcıdır.
E) Sistemlerin durgun” denge”ye ulaşıp
ulaşmadığını ölçen entropinin sıcaklık ve
basınçla ortak olan yanı, fiziksel bir özellik
olmasıdır.

39. – 41. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.

39. Bilim adamları bir büyük depremin, bir sonrakinin
zamanı ve yeri üzerinde kayda değer bir etkisinin
olmadığını düşünürlerdi; fakat, son araştırmalar
durumun böyle olmayabileceğine işaret ediyor.
A) Scientists used to think that there was no
connection between one major earthquake and
subsequent smaller ones, but new studies
suggest there may be.
B) Formerly scientists thought that one large
earthquake could not possibly affect the timing
or location of the next, but recent research
suggests it may.
C) Contrary to what scientists used to think, recent
research suggests that a major earthquake may
considerably affect the timing and location of
subsequent earthquakes.
D) Recent research suggests that a major
earthquake may influence the time and place of
subsequent earthquakes though this has not
been the traditional view of scientists.
E) Scientists used to think that one large
earthquake had no notable influence on the
timing or location of the next one but recent
research suggests this may not be the case.

40. Aşağı yukarı aynı büyüklükte ve Güneş’e aynı
uzaklıkta olan Dünya ve Venüs sıklıkla ikiz gezegenler
olarak nitelendirilir.
A) It is usual to refer to Earth and Venus as twin
planets as they are almost the same size and
distance from the Sun.
B) Since Earth and Venus are roughly the same
size and distance from the Sun it is only natural
that they should be regarded as twin planets.
C) Earth and Venus, being roughly the same size
and distance from the Sun, are often regarded
as twin planets.
D) It is because they are exactly the same size and
distance from the Sun that Earth and Venus are
known as the twin planets.
E) By the twin planets we mean Earth and Venus
which are nearly the same size and are
equidistant from the Sun.

41. Dünyanın iç kısmını araştırma konusunda uzmanlaşan
bilim adamları, uzun süre, Dünya’nın derin
iç kısmındaki hareketin yüzeydeki dikey değişimlerin
arkasında olduğundan şüphelendiler.
A) Scientists who specialize in studying Earth’s
interior have long suspected that activity deep
inside Earth is behind vertical changes at the
surface.
B) Scientists studying Earth’s interior have come to
the conclusion that what goes on deep inside
Earth affects vertical changes at the surface.
C) It is generally agreed by scientists studying
Earth’s interior that events deep inside Earth’s
core influence vertical changes at the surface.
D) Scientists specializing in the study of Earth’s
interior have long been aware of the fact that
activity deep inside Earth may be responsible for
vertical change at its surface.
E) Scientists specializing in happenings deep within
Earth’s core have, for a long time, suspected a
relationship between them and vertical changes
at the surface.

42. – 46. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçanın
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek
cümleyi bulunuz.

42. Fragile ecosystems like the Arctic could face
many more years of contamination from PCBs
(polychlorinated biphenyls), despite international
treaties banning their use. ----. An estimated 1.3
million tonnes of PCBs were made between the
1930s and 1990s around the world for use in the
manufacture of pesticides, lubricants, and
plastics. But an investigation to determine the
fate of these PCBs has failed to locate most of
them.
A) On the other hand, PCBs may be carried by
wind to cold countries where they condense out
in the cold air
B) Indeed, soils in temperate lands have captured
most of the PCBs so far released into the
environment
C) On the contrary, PCBs could pose a threat to
polar bears for years to come
D) That is the conclusion of a study into the fate of
PCBs manufactured worldwide during much of
the 20th century
E) As a result, urban air contains more PCBs than
rural air

43. The Kavli Foundation’s approach differs from the
increasingly utilitarian focus of most funded
research. ----. Kavli opposes this practice for he
believes you have to be willing to fund science
without knowledge of the benefits.
A) To obtain funding from any source, scientists
must usually frame their ideas in the context of
studies already completed and short-term impact
B) Knowledge about materials and processes in the
universe could open up benefits that we can’t
even imagine
C) In fact, the foundation pays for nondirected
research in its three main areas of interest:
astrophysics, nanoscience and neuroscience
D) It is unrealistic of such agencies to expect these
programmes to deliver useful tools and
applications rapidly
E) The foundation has chosen disciplines that are
already acknowledged as “growth” areas in
science

44. Traditionally, the study of planet formation has
proved frustrating, as astronomers have never
been sure whether their theories apply to other
planetary systems. ----. Now, however, the
observations of debris discs around stars of
different masses and ages are helping to place
our solar system in context.
A) Some discs look like gigantic versions of the
rings of Saturn
B) Most of the discs, however, could not be seen
directly
C) What the recent images show is wonderfully
unexpected
D) This is because the solar system is the only
known example of a planetary system
E) The dust particles probably result from collisions
among asteroids

45. Isaac Newton presented the earliest scientific
definition of mass in 1687 in his landmark work
Principium: “The quantity of matter is the
measure of the same arising from its density and
bulk conjointly.” That very basic definition was
good enough for Newton and other scientists for
more than 200 years. ----. In recent years,
however, the why of mass has become a
research topic in physics.
A) The laws of gravity predict that gravity acts on
mass and energy
B) Most people think they know what mass is, but
actually they understand only a very small part of
what it entails
C) Fundamental particles have an intrinsic mass
known as their rest mass
D) Energy and mass are related, as described by
Einstein’s famous equation, E=mc2
E) They understood that science should proceed
first by describing how things work and later by
understanding why

46. Can coal ever become a friend of the
environment? Coal-fired power stations supply
half the electricity used in many industrial
countries. ----. This, of course, is the most
worrisome of the so-called “greenhouse gases.”
A) New ones will have to comply with the Clean Air
Act
B) They are, however, responsible for 80% of the
power industry’s emissions of carbon dioxide
C) Energy engineers are already talking about
“clean coal” technology
D) Clean coal means different things to different
people
E) Coal treatment and refining processes are rightly
getting a lot of attention as well

47. – 51. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi
bulunuz.

47. Roy:
- If you haven’t already read this account of
Philip Morrison, make sure you do.
Michael:
- ----
Roy:
- That’s what impressed me most. He made
important contributions in quantum
electrodynamics among other things, and then
gave courses on physics for poets!
A) Yes, I will. I’ve seen him on TV on several
occasions, he’s both charming and amusing.
B) Yes, I intend to. What was it that impressed you?
C) I’ve already done so. The range of his interests
and activities is amazing.
D) Did you realize he was an assembler of the first
atomic bomb?
E) Of course. I was his student, you know, at
Cornell University.

Cevap: ÜDS 2006 Mart Sorular

48. Gary:
- Is this the website you like best when it comes
to scientific news?
Philip:
- Yes, I suppose it is. It’s updated weekly and
well-linked to related websites.
Gary:
- ----
Philip:
- That’s hard to say. So many scientific “facts”
are being questioned these days.
A) Is it university-owned?
B) Does it keep up with recent developments?
C) What’s the level? College stuff?
D) From a scientific point of view, how reliable is it?
E) Does it cover all the sciences?

49. Brian:
- Have you read this book, Water Follies?
Peter:
- No I haven’t; but I’ve heard a lot about it. It
focuses on how much water is being wasted,
doesn’t it?
Brian:
- ----
Peter:
- Good! It’s time someone took a firm stand
against the waste.
A) That’s right. And it’s pretty critical of man for
being so unconcerned about this waste.
B) No. It actually concentrates on ground water.
C) Yes. Most people seem to think ground water is
boundless.
D) And the gold-mining industry is attacked for its
vast “dewatering” operations.
E) And the consequences include dry rivers and
land subsidence.

50. Sam:
- Do you think NASA’s emergency escape plan
for space-bound astronauts will work?
Robert:
- That’s hard to say. I suppose really it will
depend on the kind of emergency that presents
itself.
Sam:
- ----
Robert:
- Actually, the colour is a survival feature too. It
makes a search for the crew easier.
A) It reminds one of science-fiction films, with
everything neatly planned.
B) It seems a bit like a game to me. The suits are a
brilliant orange colour.
C) The antigravity suit squeezes the legs to prevent
blood from pooling in them.
D) Apparently shuttle bailout is a last resort, to be
used only if landing becomes impossible.
E) Let’s hope the Challenger catastrophe is not
repeated.

51. Larry:
- They’re holding a young designers’ competition
for designing a robot to put out a house fire.
Tony:
- I think you mean to blow out a candle!
Larry:
- ----
Tony:
- But you are right. The final aim is, of course, to
put out house fires.
A) Well, at this stage, that’s all they’re asking for.
B) Do you think they ever will?
C) That shouldn’t be too difficult. The real problem
is to locate the fire.
D) If it could set off an alarm even, that would be
useful, wouldn’t it?
E) Once a fire takes hold it becomes a major
problem.

52. – 56. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla okunduğunda
parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan
cümleyi bulunuz.

52. (I) Computer researchers predict that quantum
computers will become a reality within 10 to 15 years.
(II) However, these machines pose a security threat,
because their ability to perform many calculations at
once means they will be able to uncover the
encryption keys that are, for practical purposes,
untraceable by today’s “classical” conventional
computers. (III) If that happens, people will be able to
tap into cell phone calls. (IV) A quantum computer
can represent a 0 and a 1 at the same time in a
quantum bit (called a qubit). (V) Furthermore, secure
e-commerce will be a thing of the past.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

53. (I) Everyone knew that freezing rain could be bad,
but what the researchers learned was frightening.
(II) All aircraft designers are familiar with the
challenge of icing. (III) Manufacturers must
demonstrate that their aircraft are capable of flying
safely in cold, wet conditions where they might ice
up. (IV) In the US, those conditions are specified by
the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA)
“Appendix C”. (V) This appendix clearly states the
kinds of cold weather which an aircraft must be able
to deal with.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

54. (I) Mother Columbian rainbow boas, Epicrates
cenchria maurus, have the strange habit of eating
some of their own young. (II) Now new research
reveals why. (III) Within two weeks, these mothers
regained their lost muscle. (IV) Stillborns and
undeveloped eggs in a clutch, which the mother
consumes soon after laying or giving birth, are rich in
energy and contain a diversity of proteins and
essential nutrients. (V) Therefore, maternal
cannibalism leads to a quick recovery after giving
birth.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

55. (I) Nyos is a crater lake formed by a volcanic eruption
roughly five centuries ago. (II) In these lakes the gas
saturates the bottom water. (III) It is one of many
such lakes, found the world over in volcanic chains.
(IV) It is, however, one of only two lakes known to
have exploded. (V) And when it exploded a jet of
gas-laden water rose 80 meters high and carbon
dioxide filled the air.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

56. (I) Most of the military robotic systems currently
operating are airborne. (II) This is because robots for
use in a ground war present serious problems as
conditions are more complex and less predictable.
(III) The Army’s first ground robots were devoted to
mine-sweeping. (IV) For instance, what works in a
desert will be unsuited to jungles. (V) Similarly, a
machine designed for use in cities is unlikely to adapt
to mountains.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

57. – 60. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.

How have terrestrial organisms met the
environmental challenges of living on land? Life
began in the oceans, but many life forms have since
adapted to terrestrial life in a sea of air. Every single
organism living on land has to meet the same
environmental challenges: obtaining enough water;
preventing excessive water loss; getting enough
energy; and in polar regions, tolerating widely varying
temperature extremes. How those challenges are
met varies from one organism to another, and in
large part explains the diversity of life encountered on
land today. Some animals avoid colder temperatures
by migrating to warmer climates for the winter,
whereas others avoid the cold by passing the winter
in a dormant state called hibernation. Many plants
also spend winter in a dormant state. The aerial parts
of some plants die during the winter, but the
underground parts remain alive; the following spring
they resume metabolic activity and develop new
aerial shoots. Many trees are deciduous; that is, they
shed their leaves for the duration of their dormancy.
Shedding leaves is actually an adaptation to the
“dryness” of winter. Roots cannot absorb water from
ground that is cold or frozen; by shedding its leaves
the plant reduces water loss during the cold winter
months when obtaining water from the soil is
impossible.

57. It is pointed out in the passage that all terrestrial
organisms ----.
A) in warm regions find it very hard to tolerate
extreme temperatures
B) in polar regions live out the winter through
hibernation
C) face the danger of extinction due to
environmental challenges
D) have, one way or another, adapted themselves
to environmental conditions
E) are most adversely affected by excessive water
loss and cold temperatures

58. It is pointed out in the passage that the diversity
of life on Earth ----.
A) is far more extensive in temperate climates than
in colder ones
B) results from the variety of ways whereby
organisms meet environmental challenges
C) is related to plants rather than other organisms
D) becomes far more apparent in spring than in
winter
E) must be maintained through the conservation of
the environment

59. One can understand from the passage that, for
deciduous trees, the shedding of leaves ----.
A) increases the amount of water loss, which is a
serious environmental challenge
B) increases their metabolic activity throughout
winter
C) is an effective mechanism of resistance to heat
D) is a regular metabolic activity which is not related
to environmental conditions
E) is a kind of hibernation that enables them to
survive the cold winter months

60. It is clear from the passage that, for some
animals, migration ----.
A) and hibernation are equally viable options
B) is comparatively easy
C) is indispensable for survival
D) causes a great deal of energy loss
E) involves various environmental challenges

61. – 64. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.

Henrik-Jan van Veen has carried out a great deal of
research into spinning. This is especially true for
“graveyard spins”, the term for what happens when
fighter pilots get so disoriented they miscalculate how
to get their plane back on course. They can end up in
a dangerous and often fatal spin. Van Veen works at
a research lab run by the Netherlands Organization
for Applied Scientific Research, the TNO. The range
of research covered by the TNO is vast, and it sees
itself as a practical problem solver. And for the Dutch
air force, the graveyard spin is certainly a problem
that needs solving. Van Veen’s specialty is
“vibrotactile devices”, which use vibrations to convey
information. His latest project is a vest studded all
over with small discs that can each vibrate
independently. In a test room, a pilot is strapped into
a seat in a “cockpit”. At the push of a button, the
lights go out and the chair starts spinning. After a
while the chair is stopped. “He’ll think he’s spinning
the other way now”, says van Veen. The pilot is told
to correct the spin, but instead, he overcorrects
massively, and the chair begins spinning again. In
the next test, the pilot dons van Veen’s vest and is
told that the patch of the vest that is vibrating will
indicate the direction he should force the joystick to
correct a spin. This time, when the chair stops
spinning the pilot manages to keep the seat still. Van
Veen thinks the vibrotactile vest could do more than
save the lives of fighter pilots. He’s now working on
linking the system to a GPS receiver so that tourists
in a foreign city or blind people in an unfamiliar
environment can use the vest to find their way
around.

61. It is clear from the passage that the vibrotactile
vest ----.
A) has contributed significantly to environmental
research
B) could be developed to serve a variety of
purposes
C) has been in use in military aviation for many
decades
D) is the product of an expensive research project
undertaken by the Dutch military
E) could be used to transmit secret military
information

62. It is understood from the passage that, because
spins in fighter flights can be fatal, ----.
A) they are referred to as “graveyard spins”
B) van Veen has been testing a number of devices
that could prevent spins
C) the TNO is making spin-prevention devices a
major research project
D) many aircraft have been indefinitely grounded
E) all pilots are required to wear a vibrotactile vest

63. We understand from the passage that the Dutch
research centre, the TNO, ----.
A) works in very close association with the Dutch
armed forces
B) oversees all major research projects being
carried out in the country
C) has put a lot of pressure on van Veen to extend
the uses of vibrotactile devices
D) encourages the application of research for the
solving of problems
E) puts safety devices high on its list of priorities

64. It is clear from the passage that van Veen’s
immediate purpose in developing the vibrotactile
vest is to ----.
A) help fighter pilots to calculate their course more
accurately
B) warn pilots in advance that a spin is building up
C) help the blind find their way about
D) make it possible to reduce the amount of fuel
used by aircraft
E) enable fighter pilots to get over the effects of a
spin and thus, avoid a crash

65. – 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.

For almost 200 years, the idea of cosmic events
affecting life on Earth was viewed as heretical by the
church, which regarded catastrophe as proof of
divine intervention, and as nonsense by the scientific
establishment, which dismissed it as superstition. Yet
in the end, the sheer weight of evidence has swept
away all doubt about the reality of global
catastrophes. Attempts to make scientific sense of
the many legends of global catastrophes date back to
the dawn of modern science itself, in the 17th century.
Following the publication of Newton’s laws of motion
and universal gravitation in 1687, Edmond Halley
decided to apply them to the mystery of comets. By
studying records of their appearance, Halley argued
that the bright comets of 1456, 1531, 1607 and 1682
were in fact one comet, later known as the “Halley”
comet, that followed a vast elliptical orbit around the
Sun in agreement with Newton’s laws. But Halley
noted something else as well: a comet crossing the
orbit of the Earth might one day collide with us with
devastating consequences.

65. According to the passage, Newton’s laws of
motion and gravitation ----.
A) had no impact whatsoever on the rise of modern
science
B) were approached skeptically by Halley and other
contemporary scientists
C) helped Halley to identify the comet that bears his
name
D) convinced Halley that catastrophes were in fact
acts of divine intervention
E) were dismissed right away by the scientific
establishment of his time

66. It is pointed out in the passage that, prior to the
rise of modern science in the 17th century,----.
A) various studies had been made of comets, but
Halley disregarded them all
B) the way people viewed cosmic events varied
greatly
C) all kinds of learning had been subject to the
approval of the church
D) the Earth had experienced several collisions with
cosmic objects
E) attempts had been made to explain certain
catastrophes with reference to gravitational laws

67. We learn from the passage that in the opinion of
Halley, ----.
A) the mystery surrounding comets could never be
cleared up
B) Newton’s laws of motion and gravitation needed
to be further clarified and elaborated
C) the earlier appearances of the comet “Halley”
had not been properly recorded
D) global catastrophes could be prevented through
new scientific developments
E) a comet may, at some point in the future, strike
Earth

68. It is clear from the passage that, in the past, the
church ----.
A) regarded global catastrophes as acts of God
B) was particularly interested in the movements of
comets
C) consistently banned any research into cosmic
events
D) encouraged scientists to find ways of preventing
global catastrophes
E) wished to suppress all thoughts of cosmic events

69. – 72. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.

Except perhaps for some remote island dwellers,
most people have a natural tendency to view
continents as fundamental, permanent and even
characteristic features of Earth. One easily forgets
that the world’s continental platforms amount only to
scattered and isolated masses on a planet that is
largely covered by water. But when viewed from
space, the correct picture of Earth becomes
immediately clear. It is a blue planet. From this
perspective it seems quite extraordinary that over its
long history, Earth could manage to hold a small
fraction of its surface always above the sea —
enabling, among other things, human evolution to
proceed on dry land. Is the persistence of highstanding
continents just an accident? How did Earth’s
complicated crust come into existence? Has it been
there all the time, like some primeval icing on a
planetary cake, or has it evolved through the ages?
Such questions engendered debates that divided
scientists for many decades, but the fascinating story
of how the terrestrial surface came to take its present
form is now partly resolved. That understanding
shows, remarkably enough, that the conditions
required to form the continents of Earth may be
unmatched in the rest of the solar system.

69. One important point made in the passage is that
----.
A) new questions concerning the solar system are
constantly coming to the fore
B) scientists have finally been able to understand
fully the mystery of Earth’s crust
C) people living on remote islands are so cut off
from the rest of the world that they have no idea
about what is happening elsewhere
D) the formation of the continents of Earth may
have no parallel elsewhere in the solar system
E) the growing pollution of the oceans is causing a
great deal of concern among scientists

70. According to the passage, the question of how
Earth’s continents came into being ----.
A) has never attracted much attention
B) has been one of the concerns of space research
and exploration
C) can best be answered through a comprehensive
study of the other planets in the solar system
D) is not likely to be resolved in the near future
E) gave rise to considerable disagreement among
scientists

71. The passage calls Earth the “blue planet” to
underline the fact that ----.
A) the waters of the oceans are crystal clear
B) the geographical features of Earth are not very
distinct when viewed from space
C) many things on Earth are blue
D) there is actually very little land on Earth
E) it is man’s duty to keep the seas clean

72. The passage suggests that the inhabitants of
small isolated islands ----.
A) will be adversely affected if the oceans continue
to be polluted
B) have frequently chosen to live in comparative
isolation in preference to living in a crowded city
C) always demonstrate a keen interest in the solar
system
D) depend for their living more on the sea than on
the land
E) probably have a better perception of the reality
of Earth than the majority of us

73. – 76. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.

In his preface to Spaceflight Revolution, David
Ashford recalls how he started his research into
rocket motors. As he later explains, these were
motors that would power a space plane — one that
would launch space travellers and satellites cheaply
and reliably into orbit. That was 1961. Ashford admits
he would probably have taken another job if he’d
known that, 42 years later, satellites would still be
launched by rockets descended from ballistic
missiles. The technology is there, but political and
budgetary decisions have so far stopped space
planes getting off the ground. But Ashford presents a
compelling argument that a small orbital space plane
would cost relatively little to design and develop —
the equivalent of just two shuttle flights.

73. As we understand from the passage, Ashford’s
space plane project ----.
A) has made space travel extremely cheap and
reliable
B) has been welcomed by political authorities and
received much attention
C) has received no political or financial support
since the early 1960s
D) has been proved faulty in the course of several
trials
E) was originally inspired by ballistic missile
technology

74. According to the passage, Ashford ----.
A) has not yet completed his research into rocket
motors
B) feels that his decades-long work on rocket
motors has been unjustly ignored
C) has written his book Spaceflight Revolution
mainly to criticize politicians
D) has been recognized as a leading scientist in
space research and rocket technology for quite
some time now
E) has proposed a project which can only be
realized if a sizeable budget is available

75. As can be understood from the passage, Ashford
is firmly convinced that ----.
A) the development of a space plane would cost no
more than two shuttle flights
B) politicians and financial authorities need to be
careful about investing money in space projects
C) rockets bear no relation to ballistic missiles
D) there are many people eager to be space
travellers and willing and able to pay a
reasonable fare
E) his work on rocket motors has greatly
contributed to space research

76. It is clear from the passage that there ----.
A) is an ongoing debate on the uses of ballistic
missiles
B) is some discrepancy between Ashford’s words
and his actions
C) is much public support for Ashford’s project
D) are many technological differences between
Ashford’s rocket motors and the conventional
rockets currently in use
E) is much concern among space scientists,
including Ashford, about the ever-growing costs
of the space programme in general and of
shuttle flights in particular

Cevap: ÜDS 2006 Mart Sorular



77. – 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.

The Wireless Museum has several of the earliest
crystal wireless sets from the 1920s which ran on
electromagnetic waves with no external power
source, and were easily made at home. Valve radios,
which came along in the 1930s, needed electricity to
heat up the valves and the museum has both mains
and battery-powered valve radios on display. The
collection also has some rare wartime civilian
receivers — the only type of valve radio
manufactured during the Second World War. This
was by order of the government, because at this time
most manufacturing was focused on the war effort.
There are also plenty of modern day transistor radios
including a collection of novelty radios dating from
the sixties and seventies.

77. It is pointed out in the passage that, during World
War II, ----.
A) transistor radios began to replace traditional
valve radios
B) the production of wireless sets was almost
entirely for military purposes
C) various types of radios requiring no external
power source were developed
D) the government banned all kinds of civilian
receivers
E) the efficiency of valve radios was upgraded
through the introduction of new designs

78. We learn from the passage that the very early
crystal wireless sets ----.
A) were the models out of which transistor radios
were later developed
B) were manufactured in large quantities before the
arrival of valve radios
C) are among the museum’s most precious exhibits
D) were still in use during World War II, though in
limited numbers
E) were unconnected to an outside power system

79. It is clear from the passage that valve radios ----.
A) were still in widespread use in the sixties and
seventies
B) originally operated on electromagnetic waves
C) consumed more electricity than one might
expect
D) are of two types: mains and battery-powered
E) were costly products and the government
disapproved of them

80. This passage is concerned with ----.
A) the exhibits of a wireless museum which cover a
considerable variety
B) the government’s war efforts and production
policies regarding radios
C) the technical features of transistor radios
D) the way a valve radio works
E) why the wireless museum was originally set up

Cevap: ÜDS 2006 Mart Sorular

SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ

1. – 18. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

1. In England, the general public’s ---- of medical
advice from the government stems from the fact
that, in the past, such information has often
proved vastly inaccurate.
A) approval B) inadequacy C) mistrust
D) distraction E) preference

2. Many researchers now focus on poverty and poor
education as explanations for ---- mortality.
A) probable B) intense C) preventive
D) occasional E) excess

3. Heart disease, stroke and lung cancer ----
constitute 35 per cent of all deaths in the US.
A) together B) readily C) exactly
D) fairly E) well

4. Controlled diet studies ---- that saturated fat
increases cholesterol levels.
A) prescribed B) confirmed C) disturbed
D) regretted E) deduced

5. The worst fires firemen have to ---- are those that
emit stifling smoke and noxious gases.
A) take over B) put over C) fill out
D) cope with E) pull through

6. The correct time to start a baby on solid food ----
its needs and readiness.
A) builds up B) depends on
C) cares for D) puts forward
E) slows down

7. Most of the world’s population ---- on natural
exposure to sunlight ---- adequate vitamin D
nutrition.
A) relies / to maintain
B) has relied / to have maintained
C) used to rely / would have maintained
D) will rely / having maintained
E) is relying / to be maintaining

8. Shanghai ---- curb pollution or its citizens ----
rapidly increasing ill health.
A) needs to / have faced
B) had to / had faced
C) has to / will have faced
D) will have to / would face
E) must / will face

9. Any drug development effort ----
neurodegenerative disorders ---- carefully any
possible side effects.
A) combating / would have examined
B) to combat / will have to examine
C) to have combated / will examine
D) having combated / had examined
E) to be combated / would have to examine

10. Foot massages ---- those who ---- balance
problems.
A) may have helped / are having
B) will help / had
C) could help / have
D) have helped / would have
E) would have helped / may have

11. Until quite recently, no one ---- the deadly germ
that causes anthrax ---- outside a living host.
A) had thought / would have thrived
B) thinks / is thriving
C) has thought / will thrive
D) would think / had thrived
E) thought / could thrive

12. Bleeding after oral surgery can usually be
stopped ---- keeping steady pressure ---- the
surgical site for the first hour.
A) for / to B) in / to C) with / up
D) by / on E) from / of

13. As regards breast changes, our definition ----
“normal” varies ---- age and experience.
A) of / with B) for / from C) at / over
D) in / for E) with / by

14. Children’s appetites begin to diminish around
one year, ---- the slowing of growth.
A) regardless of B) in spite of
C) in case of D) consistent with
E) except for

15. Ten per cent of the population is allergic to
thimerosol, ---- the health of millions of babies
and children worldwide is being compromised.
A) if B) so C) while
D) unless E) which

16. In developing countries, ---- nutritional concerns
override the risk of HIV transmission,
breastfeeding may still be desirable.
A) where B) what C) that
D) which E) whether

17. ---- repairing nerve damage, glia may also be
critical to learning and to forming memories.
A) Contrary to B) As regards C) Just as
D) As well as E) In spite of

18. Women are ---- likely ---- men to discuss mental
health problems with their general practice
physician.
A) so / much B) also / as
C) more / than D) too / for
E) as / that

19. – 23. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış
yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da
ifadeyi bulunuz.
For the purpose of diagnosis, analysis and
experimentation, academic physicians tend to focus
on disease at a particular point in time. But disease
needs (19) ---- as a process that evolves over time
through the (20) ---- of genetic, environmental and
lifestyle factors. This view puts a premium (21) ----
understanding the complex history of a patient, and it
(22) ---- that most disease cannot be tied to a (23) ----
cause.

19.
A) to have been treated B) to have treated
C) to treat D) being treated
E) to be treated

20.
A) availability B) discovery C) interaction
D) compatibility E) reliability

21.
A) against B) to C) over
D) towards E) on

22.
A) conducts B) rejects
C) disputes D) acknowledges
E) denies

23.
A) single B) multiple C) reliable
D) subsequent E) persistent

24. – 35. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

24. If born at 24 weeks, ----.
A) the fetus grows rapidly during the final trimester
B) several hormones are involved in initiating the
birth process
C) the brain would begin to send impulses that
regulate the functions of some organs
D) the fetus has only about a 50% chance of
surviving
E) the average full-term baby weighs about 3,000
grams and measures about 52 centimetres

25. ---- so that future encounters with the same
pathogen are dealt with swiftly.
A) Effective vaccines can be prepared in a number
of ways
B) Through immunization the body launches an
immune response, and develops memory cells
C) Most vaccines consist of the entire pathogen or
of a protein from the pathogen
D) Tetanus and botulism vaccines are made from
toxins secreted by the respective pathogens
E) Most persons contract measles or chickenpox
only once

26. ---- until James Watson and Francis Crick
proposed a model for its structure that had
extraordinary explanatory power.
A) Many genes encode proteins that are not
enzymes
B) A great deal was known about the physical and
chemical properties of DNA
C) DNA was not widely accepted as the genetic
material
D) DNA is made of two polynucleotide chains
intertwined to form a double helix
E) The idea that genes and enzymes are related in
some way was first clearly stated in 1908

Cevap: ÜDS 2006 Mart Sorular

27. When a coronary artery becomes narrowed, ----.
A) one of the main jobs of the circulation is to bring
oxygen to all the cells of the body
B) ischemic heart disease can develop
C) arteries that branch off from the aorta conduct
blood to all regions of the body
D) hormones are involved in regulating blood
pressure
E) blood vessels carrying oxygen-rich blood are red

28. ---- that the proportion of glia to neurons
increases greatly as animals move up the
evolutionary ladder.
A) Comparisons of brains reveal
B) This hypothesis has still to be tested
C) Neuroscientists are pursuing the enquiry
D) The capacity for learning is being investigated
E) The problem has not been adequately
researched

29. Although nitrous oxide is still in common use as
a general anesthetic, ----.
A) the operating room became known as the Ether
Dome
B) nitrous oxide and di-ethyl ether are not the same
C) ether has not taken its place
D) its reliability is sometimes questioned
E) the term “ether” was often used indiscriminately
during the 19th century

30. ----, it picks up glucose, amino acids and other
nutrients.
A) As blood flows through capillaries within the wall
of the intestine
B) Because oxygen-rich blood is supplied to the
liver by the hepatic artery
C) Since the hepatic portal vein delivers nutrients to
the liver
D) In case the thrombus blocks a sizable branch of
a coronary artery
E) While liver sinuses merge to form hepatic veins

31. The “liquid protein” diet, ----, caused deaths in
many users.
A) since people like to take supplements
B) which was advocated some years ago for weight
loss
C) as athletes require a well-balanced diet
D) that the diet is perfectly adequate
E) unless there had been regular medical
supervision

32. Studies have shown that people ---- have a lower
risk of coronary heart disease.
A) that had developed diabetes
B) whose intake of unsaturated fats was high
C) since they exercise regularly
D) if there is no history of heart disease in the family
E) who replace red meat with chicken and fish

33. Certain therapies are effective for certain
disorders ----.
A) that individuals receiving therapy actually did
improve
B) which treatment is effective for which problem
C) since one school of therapy emphasizes insight
D) but are relatively ineffective for others
E) as these were the untreated control-group
patients

34. It now seems that glial cells, ----, may be nearly as
important as neurons are in the thinking process.
A) which have been overlooked for half a century
B) if the evidence is quite convincing
C) that they communicate among themselves
D) as research into these cells was abandoned
E) since this affects how the brain performs

35. The disease is rarely fatal, ----.
A) if it had been promptly diagnosed
B) though it may result in paralysis
C) unless there was a history of allergies
D) since the patient responded well to the treatment
E) until proper medical care could be given

36. – 38. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz.

36. A striking feature of pregnancy is that blood
pressure and peripheral vascular resistance fall
soon after conception.
A) Döllenme sonrası kan basıncının ve periferal
vasküler direncin düşmesi, gebeliğin diğer bir
çarpıcı özelliğidir.
B) Döllenmeyi takiben, kan basıncı ve periferal vasküler
direncin düşmesi, gebelikle ilgili önemli bir
özelliktir.
C) Gebeliğin bir diğer önemli özelliği, döllenme sonucunda,
kan basıncının ve periferal vasküler
direncin düşmesidir.
D) Gebeliğin çarpıcı bir özelliği, kan basıncı ve periferal
vasküler direncin, döllenmeden hemen sonra
düşmesidir.
E) Gebeliğin bir başka çarpıcı belirtisi, döllenme
olur olmaz, kan basıncının ve periferal vasküler
direncin düşmeye başlamasıdır.

37. Most people realize the importance of calcium for
bone health, but they underestimate the
importance of vitamin D, which fosters calcium
absorption.
A) İnsanlar kalsiyumun kemik sağlığı için önemini
bilmelerine rağmen kalsiyumun emilimini kolaylaştıran
D vitaminini göz ardı ederler.
B) Pek çok insan kalsiyumun kemik sağlığı üzerindeki
etkisinin farkındadır ama kalsiyumun emilimini
güçlendiren D vitamini genellikle bilinmez.
C) Kalsiyumun kemik sağlığı için önemi bilinir, ancak
kalsiyumun emilimini sağlayan D vitamini
önemsenmez.
D) İnsanlar kalsiyumun kemik sağlığındaki önemini
bilmekle beraber kalsiyumun emilimini D vitamininin
kolaylaştırdığını bilmezler.
E) Pek çok insan kemik sağlığı için kalsiyumun öneminin
farkındadır fakat kalsiyum emilimini güçlendiren
D vitamininin önemini küçümser.

38. Recent studies found no link between the risk of
developing brain tumour and the amount of time
one has spent using a mobile phone.
A) Son çalışmalarda bir kişide beyin tümörü gelişmesi
riskiyle, cep telefonu kullanma süresi arasındaki
ilişki kanıtlanamadı.
B) Beyin tümörü gelişmesiyle ilgili son çalışmalarda
kişilerin cep telefonu kullanması riskli bulunmadı.
C) Son çalışmalar beyin tümörü gelişmesi riskiyle,
kişinin cep telefonu kullanarak geçirdiği zaman
arasında bir ilişki bulmadı.
D) Son araştırmalar cep telefonu kullanılarak geçirilen
zamanın beyin tümörü gelişimine katkısı
olmadığı sonucunu buldu.
E) Kişinin beyin tümörü geliştirme riskiyle cep telefonu
kullanarak geçirdiği zaman arasındaki ilişki,
son araştırma sonuçlarına göre oldukça zayıftır.

39. – 41. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.

39. Her ne kadar hücreler çok farklı gibi görünse de
temel özellikleri dikkate değer şekilde benzerdir.
A) Cells seem to be extremely diverse, but they all
have similar features.
B) Although cells may appear to be very diverse,
the fundamental features are remarkably similar.
C) Even though cells display a great deal of variety,
fundamentally, they have certain similarities.
D) Cells appear to have much diversity even if
fundamentally they are the same.
E) Despite their great variety, cells do have
fundamentally similar features.

40. Enzim bozukluklarını içeren yüzlerce insan hastalığına
gen değişimlerinin neden olduğu anlaşılmıştır.
A) Hundreds of human diseases involving enzyme
defects have been found to be caused by
genetic mutations.
B) It has been established that genetic mutations
have caused hundreds of human diseases
including enzyme defects.
C) Genetic mutations have been found to be the
cause of hundreds of human diseases as well as
enzyme defects.
D) Hundred of human diseases have been found to
result from genetic mutations and enzyme
defects.
E) As it is known, hundreds of human diseases
have been caused by genetic mutations
involving enzyme defects.

41. Kan basıncı ölçümleri gebelik boyunca normal
tutulması koşuluyla, yüksek tansiyonlu kadınlar,
artmış pre-eklampsi riski taşımazlar.
A) A proper control of blood pressure during
pregnancy enables women with hypertension to
resist any increased risk of pre-eclampsia.
B) So long as blood pressure is kept within normal
limits during pregnancy, women suffering from
hypertension are immune from the high risk of
pre-eclampsia.
C) Women, who have hypertension, can overcome
the increased risk of pre-eclampsia so long as
their blood pressure measurements remain
stable.
D) Women whose blood pressure is properly
controlled during pregnancy, do not suffer from
hypertension and have no risk of pre-eclampsia.
E) Provided blood pressure measurements are
within normal limits throughout pregnancy,
women with hypertension do not have the
increased risk of pre-eclampsia.

42. – 46. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçanın
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek
cümleyi bulunuz.

42. Opioid analgesics are very effective in controlling
pain but have many side effects. ----. In addition,
before a long-term use of opioid analgesics can
be stopped, the dose must be gradually reduced
to minimize the development of withdrawal
symptoms.
A) Moreover, people with severe pain shouldn’t
avoid opioids
B) With time a person using them may need higher
doses
C) AIDS can cause pain as severe and unrelenting
as that of cancer
D) The sustained-release form provides relief for 8
to 12 hours
E) Several types of analgesics can help alleviate
pain

43. An organism must divide its energy between
maintenance, repair and reproduction. ----. As a
result, organisms face a tough problem: What is
the best allocation of finite metabolic energy to
maximize reproduction and repair?
A) Actually, some organisms do have unlimited
energy
B) No creatures are capable of living indefinitely
C) The reproductive life of an organism may be
even shorter
D) As an organism ages, the problems become less
acute
E) Even a well-fed organism has to cope with
energy limitations

44. Breast tumours are usually composed of more
than one type of cancer. ----. Although scientists
know about this phenomenon, it has been
difficult to quantify because pathologists use
differing diagnostic criteria.
A) The latter is much easier to diagnose
B) In some centres a single pathologist reviews all
patient samples
C) It is hoped that this will enhance patient care
D) This is a problem when the cancers do not all
respond to the same treatment
E) As a result, the stage of the cancer also needs to
be considered

45. A patient with Korsakoff’s syndrome reports that
he spent the weekend at the beach, when in fact
he was in the hospital. ----. However, he neither
notices his amnesia nor questions his own story;
concerning his own past he doesn’t know that he
doesn’t know.
A) His memory is impaired but he has replaced his
lost history with a story
B) Such sincere claims cannot be argued away
C) There is no point in trying to contradict such an
assertion
D) Similarly, a patient with Anton’s syndrome will
deny his own blindness
E) Actually, the syndrome is a very rare one

Cevap: ÜDS 2006 Mart Sorular

46. Although social and medical interventions have
helped people live longer, none of the techniques
have affected the aging process. ----. But, there is
a change: there are far more 65-year-olds today
than there used to be because the past century’s
efforts reduced early mortality.
A) Fewer young people now die of infectious
diseases as sanitary conditions have improved
greatly
B) This is because people are living longer
C) A healthy 65-year-old in 1900 would be
physically indistinguishable from his or her
counterpart in 2000
D) Improved working conditions have also
contributed, to a noticeable extent, to an
increased life expectancy
E) Attention to diet also plays an important role

47. – 51. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi
bulunuz.

47. Amy:
- I suppose Parkinson’s is on the increase
because people are living so much longer.
David:
- It’s not as simple as that. Fifty per cent of
patients acquire it before they are sixty.
Amy:
- ----
David:
- No, it’s not. Environmental factors seem to play
quite an important role.
A) Do they really? So it’s not simply a condition of
old age.
B) I didn’t know that. Is there any cure?
C) Are you sure the condition is reversible?
D) Among younger patients, is surgical intervention
recommended?
E) Let’s hope they’ll soon find new ways of treating
the condition.

48. Alison:
- Is it really necessary to give infants so many
vaccines during their first year?
Pat:
- ----
Alison:
- Why is that?
Pat:
- Because once a child is a year old, many
parents feel that regular visits to a doctor are
no longer necessary.
A) I suppose it depends on where you live.
B) No. But while they are small, they do not object.
C) I think it’s vital. But a lot of paediatricians would
disagree.
D) Let’s hope they don’t introduce any more!
E) It’s not essential. But it is usually advisable.

49. Amy:
- Pat has always wanted to be a nurse and I’m
sure she’ll make an excellent one.
Lucy:
- I’m sure she will. But it’s not an easy
profession.
Amy:
- ----
Lucy:
- Yes; there’s no doubt about that.
A) She says she’d prefer to work in a children’s
hospital.
B) What does her father think about it?
C) At her age I wanted to be a nurse, didn’t you?
D) Of course it’s not. But it offers a great deal of job
satisfaction.
E) Even so, I’m sure I’d find the hours quite
unbearable!

50. Paul:
- Do you think Clive will agree to have this
operation?
Edith:
- He already has agreed. We’re both convinced it
is the best course to take.
Paul:
- ----
Edith:
- Reasonably good. After all he is basically a very
healthy person.
A) Has the surgeon discussed the risks with him?
B) What are the chances of its being successful?
C) Does he realize how risky it is?
D) Have you thought about this seriously?
E) What about getting a second opinion?

51. Mary:
- Did you say your daughter was doing the
interior design for a hospital?
Brenda:
- Yes, that’s right. They now give a great deal of
importance to the colour schemes and the
general use of space in a hospital.
Mary:
- ----
Brenda:
- I don’t think it is. The morale of the patients has
an important role to play in their recovery.
A) Isn’t that rather a waste of public money?
B) Still, most people want to get away as soon as
possible.
C) Yes; I remember reading something to that
effect.
D) I’ll be glad when they give up all those white
walls, won’t you?
E) I’ve noticed an improvement in the children’s
wards.

52. – 56. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla okunduğunda
parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan
cümleyi bulunuz.

52. (I) The statistics are staggering. (II) Since 1981, an
estimated 28 million people have died of AIDS.
(III) Today, 42 million men, women and children are
believed to be living with HIV. (IV) What is even more
disturbing, 5 million new infections are occurring
each year. (V) Indeed, vaccines have helped to
eradicate some of the worst diseases of the 20th
century.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

53. (I) Dependence on sleep aids and anti-anxiety drugs
decreases alertness and results in slurred speech,
poor coordination, confusion and slowed breathing.
(II) These drugs may make a person alternately
depressed and anxious. (III) Prescription drugs that
can cause dependency are subject to restrictions.
(IV) Some people experience memory loss, faulty
judgment, and sudden shifts in their emotions.
(V) Furthermore, older people may even appear
demented.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

54. (I) For a small child it is not obvious which shoe goes
on which foot. (II) The problem of fitting molecules
into biological systems presents a similar dilemma.
(III) In life, and especially in developing
pharmaceuticals, shape matters. (IV) Making pure
left-handed or right-handed drugs is therefore hard.
(V) Using the wrong-shaped molecule to treat a
disease is about as effective as using the wrong key
to get into your house.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

55. (I) Stress can affect our health by leading us to
engage in types of behaviours that undermine the
body’s ability to fight off disease. (II) When we are
feeling stressed, we often do not take proper care of
ourselves. (III) Thus, stressful situations may affect
immune system functioning. (IV) Students, for
instance, who are taking exams, may stay up all night
for several nights in a row. (V) Furthermore, they may
skip meals and snack on junk food.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

56. (I) In any school, in any week of the year a dyslexic
child experiences a huge amount of failure.
(II) Without self-confidence no real progress is
possible. (III) With sequencing difficulties, any form of
writing or maths is going to present severe problems.
(IV) The dyslexic child cannot fail to notice that
almost all the other children can do the work fairly
easily. (V) He therefore concludes that he must be
stupid and his confidence goes.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

57. – 60. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.

Aging involves multiple harmful biological events that
accumulate in different tissues over time and
gradually reduce an organism’s state of maintenance
and function. Calendar time, however, serves as an
imperfect measurement of the physiological
processes involved in aging. We all know individuals
who are the same chronological age but appear to be
very different when it comes to physiological age.
Rather than counting years — or gray hairs, for that
matter — modern gerontologists turn to biological
markers, or biomarkers, of aging. These
physiological parameters indicate an individual’s
functional level and some biomarkers, such as insulin
levels, correlate with mortality. The presence of such
biomarkers depends indirectly on patterns of gene
expression, which are induced by a variety of internal
or external stimuli.

57. It is pointed out in the passage that the process
of aging ----.
A) can best be determined through biological
markers
B) has a pattern which varies very little among
individuals
C) cannot be clearly understood without taking into
account the graying of a person’s hair
D) is best indicated by the amount of years a
person has lived
E) has an adverse effect on very few functions of
an individual’s body

58. We understand from the passage that biomarkers
----.
A) do not always produce reliable results in
measuring a person’s biological age
B) are closely related to insulin levels
C) and calendar time must be taken into account in
finding out about a person’s health
D) are of primary importance for gerontologists in
learning about a person’s physical condition
E) can undermine an organism’s state of
maintenance and function

59. It is clear from the passage that as one ages ----.
A) one’s genetic defects become more obvious
B) the body’s ability to maintain itself starts to
deteriorate
C) the physiological processes accurately reflect
chronological time
D) there are functional changes in the body but
these are hard to detect
E) one’s insulin level remains stable

60. This passage is essentially concerned with ----.
A) various causes of aging
B) the damaging effects induced by aging
C) the significance of biomarkers in measuring the
process of aging
D) the role a person’s genes have in the process of
aging
E) the need to carry out more research into aging

Cevap: ÜDS 2006 Mart Sorular

61. – 64. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.

Cardiac transplantation, once considered an
experimental procedure, has emerged as the therapy
of choice for many appropriately selected patients
with life-threatening irremediable heart disease.
Congestive heart failure (CHF), the primary indication
for cardiac transplantation, is the most commonly
reported reason for hospital admission. A knowledge
of cardiac transplantation medicine is therefore
important for all physicians, as transplantation should
be considered a therapeutic option for many of these
patients. In the past, post-cardiac transplant care was
largely performed by specialized transplant
physicians, primarily cardiologists and cardiovascular
surgeons. As survival after cardiac transplantation
has improved markedly over the last decade, the
population of patients who are long-term survivors
after heart transplantation has grown. Primary care
physicians, as well as cardiologists not based at
cardiac transplant centres, often assist in the care of
these patients, most often in consultation with cardiac
transplant physicians. In addition, a physician may be
called on to assist in the management and evaluation
of a potential cardiac donor.

61. According to the passage, in recent years ----.
A) almost every patient with heart disease has
come to recognize cardiac transplantation as an
indispensable therapeutic option
B) more and more patients with CHF have chosen
to undergo cardiac transplantation
C) the number of cardiac transplant centres in the
world has increased due to advances in cardiac
transplantation
D) there has been a noticeable improvement in the
survival of post-cardiac transplant patients
E) cardiologists and cardiovascular surgeons have
been engaged in extensive research for the
improvement of post-cardiac transplant care

62. We learn from the passage that, to start with,
cardiac transplantation ----.
A) was an experimental procedure rather than a
therapy
B) was carried out on every patient with CHF
C) had a very low success-rate indeed
D) could only be practised at special cardiac
transplant centres
E) was generally regarded with disapproval in the
medical world

63. It is pointed out in the passage that cardiac
transplant physicians ----.
A) are no longer involved in post-cardiac transplant
care
B) are often assisted in post-cardiac transplant care
by primary care physicians
C) are the only ones qualified to select cardiac
donors
D) are still experimenting in developing an improved
method of cardiac transplantation
E) are primarily affiliated with cardiac transplant
centres outside hospitals

64. It can be understood from the passage that not
every patient with congestive heart failure ----.
A) reports to a cardiologist for treatment
B) agrees to undergo cardiac transplantation
C) can qualify for cardiac transplantation
D) is admitted to hospital for diagnosis and
treatment
E) realizes just how serious the condition is

65. – 68. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.

When a patient sees a doctor, the patient is seeking
help –- to regain or retain health. The physician’s
task is to work for the patient’s health. The doctor
does so by treating disease, by relieving discomfort,
by assisting the patient with any disability, by
preventing premature death, and by maximizing
contentment. (Some have summarized these
activities as tackling “the five D’s” of health – disease,
discomfort, disability, death, and dissatisfaction).
Often there is success in all these areas. In the best
of circumstances, the doctor is able to prevent
disease and help the patient remain healthy. In other
cases, disease and death defeat us. In some cases
none of the goals are achieved, but even that
outcome must not stop us from trying. By focusing on
the health of the patient, the doctor tests the myriad
activities of clinical medicine against the health
outcome of the patient.

65. According to the passage, as regards “the five
D’s” of health, ----.
A) a doctor should never admit to failure
B) it is, unfortunately, discomfort that is most
frequently overlooked
C) a doctor’s priority must be the accurate
diagnosis of the disease
D) the psychology of the patient is of paramount
importance
E) a doctor is not likely to achieve success in all
areas, all the time

66. It is stressed in the passage that a patient seeks
medical help ----.
A) either to recover from disease or to maintain
health
B) only when he/she is in acute pain
C) only after a condition has become chronic
D) because friends or family have urged him/her to
do so
E) if there seems to be a serious medical problem
calling for clinical tests

67. We understand from the passage that, in offering
medical help to a patient, the physician ----.
A) needs to know something about the patient’s
medical history
B) also seeks professional self-satisfaction
C) does contribute, to a significant extent, to the
patient’s well-being
D) often feels it is advisable to consult a colleague
and get a second opinion
E) has to take into account the psychological needs
of the patient

68. In this passage, emphasis is put on the fact that
----.
A) some patients are harder to please than others
B) a physician is very rarely able to tackle all of the
“the five D’s” with any degree of success
C) a patient’s expectations can very rarely be met
D) a patient’s state of mind can detract from his/her
recovery
E) a physician’s duties to a patient are wide in
range

69. – 72. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.

Cancer describes a class of diseases characterized by
the uncontrolled growth of aberrant cells. Cancers kill
by the destructive invasion of normal organs through
direct extension and spread to distant sites via the
blood, lymph, or serosal surfaces. The abnormal
clinical behaviour of cancer cells is often mirrored by
biologic aberrations such as genetic mutations,
chromosomal translocations, expression of fetal or
other discordant ontologic characteristics, and the
inappropriate secretion of hormones or enzymes. All
cancers invade or metastasize but each specific type
has unique biologic and clinical features that must be
appreciated for proper diagnosis, treatment and study.
About 1.2 million new cases of invasive cancer are
diagnosed each year in the United States, and about
500,000 people die annually of the disease. Cancer is
the second most deadly disease and is expected to
surpass heart disease early in the twenty-first century
to top that vicious list. Over the past half century, the
frequency of most cancers has been stable, but some
dramatic changes have taken place. Steady declines in
stomach and uterine cancer have occurred, the latter
undoubtedly due to routine cytologic screening for
cervical cancer. The cause of the decline in stomach
cancer is unknown. The most striking change has been
the increases in lung cancer in both men and women,
undoubtedly related to smoking.

69. It is pointed out in the passage that, over the next
few decades, mortality due to cancer ----.
A) will start to decline as new methods of treatment
are introduced
B) will be higher than the mortality caused by heart
disease
C) will start to threaten younger people
D) will be greatly reduced through an increase in
early diagnosis
E) will increase at an alarming rate as very many
more people are starting to smoke

70. As it is pointed out in the passage, cancer ----.
A) has been on a steady increase since the midtwentieth
century
B) has caused much higher mortality in the United
States than anywhere else in the world
C) is a disease with a great deal of variety, which
requires different treatments and studies
D) is still a disease much deadlier than heart
disease
E) of the stomach is the one that causes the most
problems

71. We learn from the passage that, among the
different cancers, lung cancer ----.
A) shows a downward trend in the United States
B) is the one that most needs to be dealt with
immediately
C) is the one that most readily yields to treatment
D) has appeared with increasing frequency over the
years
E) affects as many non-smokers as smokers

72. We learn from the passage that cancer cells ----.
A) all present the same clinical features
B) can be carried by the blood and spread to distant
organs
C) are not necessarily invasive
D) rarely lead to genetic mutations
E) have not been linked to biologic aberrations

73. – 76. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.

Medicine is not a science, but a profession that
encompasses medical science learning as well as
personal, humanistic, and professional attributes.
Nonetheless, the delivery of Western medicine
depends totally on science and the scientific method.
Since Flexner issued his famous report on the
subject in 1910, American medical education has
striven to develop a strong scientific base as an
integral part of medical education at every level:
premedical, medical, residency and continuing
medical education. Biomedical science is
fundamental to understanding disease, making
diagnoses, applying new therapies and appreciating
the complexities and opportunities of new
technologies. The process of becoming a physician
and being committed to lifelong learning requires that
one possess the scientific base not only to acquire
and appreciate new knowledge but to see new ways
for applying it to patient care as well. The physician
must be able to understand reports of current
research in the medical literature in order to grasp
and evaluate the newest and latest approaches, no
matter how complicated the field may become.

73. We understand from the passage that, for a
physician, ----.
A) it is almost impossible to keep up with recent
developments in medicine
B) it is what he learned during residency that most
influences his approach to his patients
C) medical education is not limited to medical
school and residency, but is actually a process
of lifelong learning
D) new developments outside his own field of
specialization can be ignored
E) the scientific base of his medical knowledge is
far more important than any new technologies
and approaches

74. It is clear from the passage that, as a result of
Flexner’s report, ----.
A) the humanistic aspect of the medical profession
has received much more attention
B) residency has come to the fore in American
medical education
C) the whole system of patient care in American
hospitals has been restructured
D) specialization rather than general medical
practice has become widespread in the United
States
E) medical education in the United States has
undergone a process of transformation

75. We understand from the passage that biomedical
science ----.
A) is quite unrelated to patient-care
B) has only come to be appreciated in recent
decades
C) is only fully valued by those involved in serious
research
D) is of great importance in really all of a
physician’s activities
E) bears little relation to other areas of science

76. It is clear that the main aim of the passage is to
----.
A) emphasize that a thorough grounding in science
is the basis of a good medical education
B) establish the fact that the acquisition of new
knowledge is not as important as finding new
ways to apply it
C) explain the controversial uses of biomedical
science
D) encourage physicians to familiarize themselves
with the opportunities offered by new
technologies
E) introduce scientists to current research in
medical literature

77. – 80. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız.

In the past, lead poisoning was thought to arise from
pica (abnormal ingestion) among children living in
old, broken-down houses with peeling layers of leadbased
paints. In the past two decades, lead
intoxication has occurred with decreasing frequency.
This may in part be related to less use of lead in paint
and leaded gasoline; several studies relate
environmental lead contamination to traffic density
patterns. In the United States, hundreds of
occupations involve potentially significant exposure.
It is estimated that more than 800,000 American
workers have potentially significant lead exposure.
Lead and other metal workers or miners, storage
battery workers, and pottery makers are particularly
heavily exposed. Workers in auto manufacturing,
ship building, paint manufacture and printing
industries are also at substantial risk, as are house
painters and those who repair old houses. In past
centuries lead was added to wine to sweeten it, a
deception that was eventually made punishable by
death. Recently, adding lead to various herbal and
folk medicines has resulted in poisoning. Bullets left
in the body can result in lead poisoning, especially if
a joint is involved, because synovial fluid appears to
be a good solvent for lead. The interval between the
bullet getting embedded in the body and clinical
evidence of lead poisoning has ranged from 2 days
to 40 years.

77. It is stated in the passage that lead exposure ----.
A) has been recognized by many employers as a
deadly threat to their work force
B) has been increasing at an alarming rate in many
industries in the United States
C) is a very serious concern in various occupations
and industries
D) has led to the introduction of various preventive
measures in certain occupations and industries
E) and its consequences have only recently
become a major concern of clinical research

78. According to the passage, there is scientific
evidence to suggest that ----.
A) a bullet induces lead poisoning as soon as it is
lodged in the body
B) heavy traffic causes lead contamination in the
environment
C) most cases of lead poisoning have resulted from
lead-based paints
D) the risk of lead poisoning is equally likely to
occur in all the different metal industries and
occupations
E) the quality of wines can be improved
substantially through the use of lead chemicals

79. It is pointed out in the passage that, a reduction
of lead in paint and petrol, ----.
A) was recommended decades ago but never
enforced
B) will do little to overcome environmental
contamination
C) will bring substantial benefits to house painters
and those repairing old houses, but to no one
else
D) has produced as many negative results as
positive
E) may have contributed to the decrease in cases
of lead poisoning observed in recent years

80. We learn from the passage that, despite its
adverse effects, lead ----.
A) is not generally regarded as a dangerous
substance
B) is not nearly as poisonous as several other
metals
C) still remains one of the most valuable and
versatile of earth’s metals
D) is still being used in a great many industries
E) is only potentially dangerous to children, not to
adults

Cevap: ÜDS 2006 Mart Sorular

SOSYAL BİLİMLER

1. – 18. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

1. The Maastricht Treaty, which laid down the rules
for euro membership, says that governments
may not have budget ---- of more than 3% of their
GDP.
A) deficits B) restrictions C) rates
D) allocations E) assets

2. The European Commission is opposed to any ----
change in current banking practices.
A) reluctant B) emotional C) relentless
D) crucial E) resentful

3. For the information systems to work properly,
you need to ---- the technology to suit the
situation.
A) convince B) adjust C) reduce
D) sustain E) explain

4. Though it is fashionable to denounce negative
campaigning, every political expert knows it can
be ---- effective.
A) defiantly B) suitably C) extremely
D) sensitively E) lately

5. There were plenty of people willing to ---- the
experiment as the subject, “controlling
emotions”, attracted them.
A) fill out B) take part in
C) watch out for D) make do with
E) open up

6. Finally, the commissioners settled on a short,
simple, constitutional amendment granting
Congress the authority to ---- guidelines for
selecting temporary members in an emergency.
A) hold up B) bring down C) call out
D) serve up E) set up

7. Some Italian film-makers believe that once
Americans ---- making films in Rome again, local
films ---- as well.
A) would start / had flourished
B) have started / will have flourished
C) will start / are flourishing
D) start / will flourish
E) started / would flourish

8. If things ---- according to plan, the book ---- by
this time next year.
A) go / will have been published
B) have gone / would have been published
C) went / was to be published
D) were going / has been published
E) will go / will be published

9. Included with the account of his journey down
the Amazon there ---- engaging stories ---- by the
unusual people he meets.
A) have been / recounting
B) were / being recounted
C) are / recounted
D) will be / to have been recounted
E) would be / to be recounted

10. The US presidential election of 1800 ---- notorious
on account of the unforeseen constitutional
problems it ----.
A) is / has presented
B) has been / presented
C) would be / presents
D) had been / would present
E) was / presented

11. Having found the appropriate archives, it is now
possible ---- with some degree of certainty what
really ----.
A) reconstructing / happens
B) to reconstruct / happened
C) to have reconstructed / has happened
D) having reconstructed / had happened
E) to be reconstructed / was happening

12. Moreover, ---- its own statutes, the EU itself is
obliged to consult the trade unions ---- a number
of topics.
A) under / on B) with / at C) from / for
D) on / against E) to / over

13. After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the
opening of formerly closed borders, traders ----
Georgia and Armenia, crossed over the borders
---- Turkey to make a living.
A) at / with B) of / about C) from / to
D) between / back E) on / towards

14. They are installing a great deal of information
technology, ---- the staff are quite incapable of
using it.
A) owing to B) whenever C) as if
D) even so E) even though

15. She can have the job ---- she is willing to work on
Saturdays.
A) apart from B) owing to C) except
D) provided E) whereas

16. Middle children are obviously affected by the fact
that they never have their parents’ attention all to
----.
A) themselves B) each C) itself
D) one another E) each other

17. Today virtually all country and suburban weeklies
and small dailies are produced by offset
lithography, a procedure ---- photographs can be
reproduced inexpensively.
A) why B) that C) which
D) whether E) by which

18. The belief that anyone can aspire to anything is
---- America’s greatest gifts to the world.
A) as much as B) some of C) one of
D) another E) the other

19. – 23. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış
yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da
ifadeyi bulunuz.

The poet Robert Browning was lucky in his parents.
His father, who (19) ---- in a bank, was a man
(20) ---- genuine intelligence, who owned a library of
six thousand volumes and seems (21) ---- them all.
His mother, (22) ---- was a devoutly religious woman,
gave Browning a tenderness and optimism he would
need (23) ---- in life.

19.
A) having been employed B) has been employed
C) has employed D) was employed
E) will be employed

20.
A) from B) about C) for
D) in E) of

21.
A) reading B) to read
C) to have read D) to be reading
E) have read

22.
A) which B) who C) whose
D) that E) whom

23.
A) never B) hardly C) scarcely
D) frequently E) fairly

24. – 35. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

24. Until fairly recently, management could have
bought peace with generous increases in pay,
----.
A) but that is no longer an easy option
B) since that was not to be recommended
C) however ambiguous this had seemed
D) as long as the profits would have remained
steady
E) unless fringe benefits were reduced

25. The most stunning recent museums, ----, are art
objects themselves.
A) why they were designed by a Japanese architect
B) of which the one in Bilbao must be the finest
C) as the Pritzker is architecture’s biggest prize
D) since there were smooth glass and aluminium
panels
E) since space and proportion get flawless
treatment

26. Why should astronauts be sent into space ----?
A) so that life on earth will have been improved
B) but the costs involved were especially horrific
C) even if it were no longer dangerous
D) as if no harm would have come of it
E) if there is nothing meaningful for them to do
there

Cevap: ÜDS 2006 Mart Sorular

27. No one event, ----, can reorder politics in a
country as populous as the US.
A) as if there had never been a cold war
B) whichever appears the more dangerous
C) however shocking it may be
D) even if the assassination attempt had succeeded
E) since the impact was felt in far-off places

28. There is a museum in the centre of Bristol ----.
A) as one wants to spend a pleasant morning there
B) that there are over 150 animal species
C) as some of the strangest animals and plants on
earth are to be found there
D) so one could learn more about the natural world
E) which is home to a living rainforest

29. ---- who built the world’s first business computer.
A) Everyone knows
B) It wasn’t to be expected
C) It came as a surprise
D) The question was unreasonable
E) We took it for granted

30. Since he ignores certain fundamental facts about
the past century, ----.
A) there will be many different kinds of authoritarian
leaders
B) the conclusions had been unreliable
C) good and evil alike have to be judged
D) he presents a distorted picture of reality
E) someone should, nevertheless, still be blamed
for the unjustifiable deaths

31. Although conventional IQ tests are good
predictors of college grades, ----.
A) there are actually very few really exceptional
individuals
B) they are still the best single predictor of overall
success
C) they are less valid for predicting later job
success
D) some weaker students have become charismatic
leaders
E) brain damage does not necessarily impair
certain types of intelligence

32. Because unemployment is rising and wages are
falling, ----.
A) the government would soon be out-of-favour
B) Americans are naturally worried about the state
of the economy
C) the state of panic was regarded as unfounded
D) no one could lose on the stock market
E) it would have been a good time to change your
car

33. ---- that it produces national cohesion in the
target countries.
A) The single most important effect of terrorism is
B) The bombing of resorts is a recent development
C) In a globalized world small groups of people can
cause big trouble
D) Terrorists are at an inherent disadvantage
E) Suicide-bomb attacks against ordinary citizens
followed

34. Whatever Luhrmann’s New York critics may think
of his new production of La Bohème, ----.
A) people had waited in long queues for last-minute
cancellations
B) they claimed to have pursued creative freedom
C) the beautiful side of life will have been
expressed with beautiful music
D) he has certainly breathed new life into this opera
E) opera used to be characterized by unnatural,
alienating conventions

35. ---- before he became a film-maker.
A) The director of the Titanic now plans to make a
film of the sinking of the Bismarck
B) He is best known as the director of the film
Titanic
C) The director of the film Titanic was a scuba diver
and wreck diver
D) The film’s director has always been fascinated
by wrecks
E) He is interested in why the Titanic sank

36. – 38. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz.

36. Charles Dickens is one of the few novelists
whose works did not become unpopular after his
death.
A) Charles Dickens, ölümünden sonra eserleri
popülerliğini kaybetmeyen birkaç romancıdan
biridir.
B) Charles Dickens, ölümünden sonra da popülerliğini
koruyan eserler vermiş bir romancıdır.
C) Ünlü bir romancı olan Charles Dickens’ın eserleri,
ölümünden sonra bile popülerliğini kaybetmemiştir.
D) Ölümünden sonra eserleri popülerliğini hep koruyan
birkaç romancıdan biri de Charles
Dickens’tır.
E) Eserleri, ölümünden sonra bile popülerliğini hiç
kaybetmeyen az sayıdaki romancıdan biri de
Charles Dickens’tır.

37. Gorbachev came to power in 1985 in the former
Soviet Union partly because he was promising to
make sweeping changes.
A) 1985’te eski Sovyetler Birliği’nde köklü değişiklikler
yapmaya söz vermiş olan Gorbachev iktidara
getirilmiştir.
B) Eski Sovyetler Birliği’nde 1985’te Gorbachev’in
iktidara gelmesinin nedeni, beklenen köklü değişikliklerin
bir kısmını yapmaya söz vermiş olmasıdır.
C) Gorbachev çok kapsamlı değişiklikler yapmaya
söz verdiği için, Sovyetler Birliği’nde 1985’te iktidara
getirilmiştir.
D) Gorbachev, kısmen, geniş kapsamlı değişiklikler
yapmaya söz verdiği için, eski Sovyetler
Birliği’nde 1985’te iktidara gelmiştir.
E) Gorbachev, eski Sovyetler Birliği’nde önemli değişiklikler
yapmaya söz vererek 1985’te iktidarı
ele geçirmiştir.

38. Many social psychologists have turned their
attention to promoting health practices such as
avoiding the abuse of alcohol, tobacco and other
substances.
A) Günümüz sosyal psikologları aşırı alkol, tütün ve
diğer maddelerden kaçınma gibi sağlık uygulamalarını
ilerletmeye çabalıyor.
B) Birçok sosyal psikolog ilgisini aşırı alkol, tütün ve
diğer maddelerden kaçınma gibi sağlık uygulamalarını
ilerletmeye yöneltti.
C) Günümüzde, sosyal psikologların çoğu alkol, tütün
ve diğer maddelerden kaçınma gibi sağlık
uygulamalarını ilerletmeyle ilgilenmeye başladılar.
D) Aşırı alkol, tütün ve diğer maddelerden kaçınma
gibi sağlık uygulamalarını ilerletmeyle ilgilenen
birçok sosyal psikolog var.
E) Aşırı alkol, tütün ve diğer maddelerden kaçınma
gibi sağlık uygulamalarını ilerletmekle ilgilenen
sosyal psikolog sayısı artıyor.

39. – 41. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.

39. Değişik sektörlerden büyük Avrupa ve Kore
şirketleri Brezilya’nın daha yoksul olan kuzeydoğu
bölgesine yatırım yapmaya karar verdi.
A) The poorer north eastern region of Brazil is
attracting the attention of large European and
Korean companies of various sectors.
B) Some of the large European and Korean
companies from various sectors are eager to
invest in the poor north eastern region of Brazil.
C) Large European and Korean companies from
various sectors have decided to invest in the
poorer north eastern region of Brazil.
D) The poor north eastern area of Brazil is
attracting investors from various large
companies in Europe and Korea.
E) The poor north eastern part of Brazil would
benefit from investments made by European and
Korean large companies involved in a variety of
fields.

40. Eğer Asya’daki diğer dev ekonomilerle karşılaştırırsak,
Çin’in büyüme hızı istisnai değildir.
A) Even compared with other giant economies in
Asia, China’s growth rate hasn’t been
exceptional.
B) When we compare China’s growth rate with
other giant economies in Asia, it’s obvious that
her economic growth isn’t exceptional.
C) Only when it is compared with that of other giant
Asian economies does China’s economic growth
rate appear exceptional.
D) China’s economic growth rate remains
exceptional even when we compare it with that
of other powerful Asian economies.
E) China’s economic growth rate isn’t exceptional if
we compare it with other giant economies in
Asia.

41. Romantik akımın öncülerinden biri olan Jean-
Jacques Rousseau, duyguyu akıldan daha yüksek
bir düzeye koymuştur.
A) Jean-Jacques Rousseau, one of the leaders of
the Romantic Movement, regarded emotion as
more important than reason.
B) Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who was one of the
forerunners of the Romantic Movement, put
emotion at a higher level than reason.
C) Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a forerunner of the
Romantic Movement and so he rated emotion
higher than reason.
D) Another forerunner of the Romantic Movement
was Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and he rated
emotion higher than reason.
E) Since he regarded emotion as higher than
reason Jean-Jacques Rousseau is recognized
as a forerunner of the Romantic Movement.

42. – 46. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçanın
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek
cümleyi bulunuz.

42. There is something vital, even disturbing, about
the buildings he has designed. His serene spaces
are charged with emotion. ----. And for all its
subtlety and silence, his architecture is dynamic
in unaccountable ways – hard as granite, fluid as
water and airy as sunlight.
A) Here there is a shift to a grander and more
transparent space
B) All detractors can say is that he is too 20th
century
C) They blanket your mood the way a great abstract
painting does
D) Above the main gallery, the colours are brighter
E) You employ stone, wood and concrete, and with
these materials you build houses and palaces

43. New and exciting links are fast being developed
between the cities of Europe. In France, highspeed
trains are providing the links. ----. These
breathe life into regional towns which have now,
for the first time, become accessible in terms of
time and money to millions of other Europeans.
A) The river-bank highways south of the river Seine
have been converted into a giant beach
B) As in the Renaissance-era urban boom, one of
the driving forces behind this flowering is art
C) The new energy is not confined to Europe’s
capitals
D) More far-reaching is the extraordinary network of
low-cost airlines that have suddenly come into
being
E) These growing links will accelerate the
disappearance of national boundaries

44. “If you want one year of prosperity, grow grain. If
you want ten years of prosperity, grow trees. If
you want 100 years of prosperity, grow people.”
----. It sums up how the entry of China’s massive
labour force into the global economy is bringing
prosperity to the nation.
A) China certainly has a huge, cheap workforce
B) Indeed, China has effectively doubled the global
labour force
C) Actually, China’s growth rate is steadily
increasing
D) China is having a dramatic effect on the world
economy
E) This is an old Chinese proverb